Scope of application
Submerged arc welding is one of the most efficient mechanized welding methods today. Its full name is submerged arc automatic welding, also known as automatic arc welding under flux layer. It is a welding method in which the arc burns under the flux layer. Its inherent advantages such as stable welding quality, high welding productivity, no arc light, and low smoke make it the main welding method in the manufacturing of important steel structures such as pressure vessels, pipe manufacturing, and box beams and columns.
Argon arc welding technology is based on the principle of ordinary arc welding, using argon gas to protect metal welding materials, and using large current to melt the welding materials into a liquid state to form a molten pool on the base metal to be welded. Welding technology that realizes the metallurgical combination of the metal to be welded and the welding material. Since argon gas is continuously supplied during high-temperature fusion welding, the welding material cannot come into contact with oxygen in the air, thereby preventing the oxidation of the welding material, so stainless steel and ferrous metals can be welded.
Tip: Due to its characteristics, submerged arc welding technology is often used in the manufacture of pipe sections.
Welded pipes produced using submerged arc welding technology mainly include straight seam submerged arc welded pipes and spiral submerged arc welded pipes.
feature
1. Submerged arc welding
(1) High production efficiency
On the one hand, the conductive length of the welding wire is shortened and the current and current density are increased, so the arc penetration and the deposition efficiency of the welding wire are greatly improved. On the other hand, due to the heat insulation effect of flux and slag, there is basically no heat radiation loss on the arc and there is less spatter. Although the heat loss of the melted flux increases, the overall thermal efficiency is still greatly improved.
(2) High welding quality
The slag has a good insulating effect on the air, and the welding parameters can be kept stable through automatic adjustment. The welder's technical level is not high, the composition of the weld is stable, and the mechanical properties are relatively good.
(3) Good working conditions
In addition to reducing the labor intensity of manual welding operations, it has no arc radiation, which is a unique advantage of submerged arc welding.
2. Argon arc welding
(1) Argon gas protection can isolate the adverse effects of oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc. in the air on the arc and molten pool, reduce the burning loss of alloy elements, and obtain dense, spatter-free, high-quality welding joints;
(2) Argon arc welding arc combustion is stable, the heat is concentrated, the arc column temperature is high, the welding production efficiency is high, the heat affected zone is narrow, the weld stress, deformation and crack tendency are small, and the parts are small;
(3) Argon arc welding is open arc welding, which is easy to operate and observe;
(4) The electrode loss is small, the arc length is easy to maintain, and there is no flux or coating layer during welding, making it easy to implement mechanization and automation;
(5) Argon arc welding can weld almost all metals, especially some refractory metals and easily oxidized metals, such as magnesium, titanium, molybdenum, zirconium, aluminum, etc. and their alloys;
(6) It is not restricted by the position of the weldment and can be welded in all positions.
Disadvantages of argon arc welding
(1) The heat affected zone of argon arc welding is large. After pipe repair, defects such as deformation, reduced hardness, trachoma, local annealing, cracks, pinholes, wear, scratches, undercuts or insufficient bonding force, and internal stress damage are often caused. Especially in the repair process of small defects in precision steel pipes, they are particularly prominent on the surface. In the field of precision steel pipe defect repair, cold welding machines can be used instead of argon arc welding. Because the cold welding machine releases less heat, it can better overcome the shortcomings of argon arc welding and make up for the repair problems of precision castings.
(2) Argon arc welding is more harmful to the human body. The current density of argon arc welding is high and the light emitted is relatively strong. The ultraviolet radiation generated by the arc is about 5 to 30 times that of ordinary electrode arc welding, and the infrared radiation is about 1 to 1.5 times that of electrode arc welding. The ozone content produced during welding is relatively high, so try to choose a place with good air circulation for construction, otherwise it will cause great harm to the body.
(3) For metals with low melting points and easy evaporation (such as lead, tin, zinc), welding is more difficult.