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What are miRNAs? miRNA stands for micro ribonucleic acid. It refers to the short non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at the post transcription stage. It usually binds to the untranslated region of the target mRNA, repressing protein production. However, the exact mechanism of miRNA-mediated protein repression is still unknown. Modifications of miRNAs mediated gene expression significantly affect the human health status and cause severe disease conditions. Therefore, studies on archived patient tissue samples are propelling to understand the exact miRNA role functions.   Stability of microRNA in FFPE Tissues FFPE samples are one form of preserving valuable tissue samples from patients and donors for research. It is mainly done to store the tissue samples for longer years by preventing tissue apoptosis and necrosis, maintaining sample integrity. Recently, microRNA stability in FFPE tissues has gained more interest and given hope to molecular researchers. It helps the ... Continue reading →

Sepsis is a life-threatening clinical condition caused by severe blood infections. It is an unusual systematic inflammatory response of the host’s body to the pathogenic infection resulting in multiple organ dysfunction. If not treated immediately, the infection can progress to septic shock and death. Septic shock is one of the most dreadful clinical conditions requiring immediate medical care to save patients' lives. Moreover, It is the leading cause of global mortality of hospitalised patients, especially in middle and low-income countries. Since the disease progression can be too fast, the patient’s clinical condition can deteriorate sharply within no time. In addition, growing antimicrobial resistance can cause unresponsiveness to treatment and rapid evolution to septic shock. Therefore, often in any critical care unit, sepsis management can be very challenging. However, a quick and accurate diagnosis with timely initiation of the right choice of antibiotic therapy ... Continue reading →

Influenza is a severe respiratory infection brought on by influenza viruses of types A, B, C and D. Every year, millions of people are impacted by what is often known as the seasonal flu. Influenza virus is a type of RNA virus belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family. Also, Influenza viruses vary in their antigenic characteristics for Influenza virus types A, B, and C. So far, major historical catastrophic epidemics have been associated with the outbreak of Influenza viruses A and B. As influenza viruses constantly evolve by mutation, continuous research is crucial to discover novel flu vaccines and medicines to curb infection outbreaks and spread. In-vitro research on human biospecimens collected from suspected or infected Influenza patients helps continue the advanced research. What are the types of influenza samples collected  If a person is admitted to the hospital with evidence of pneumonia and lower respiratory tract infection (RTI) and is suspicious of flu symptoms or ... Continue reading →

What are human serum samples? For decades, laboratory testing on human serum samples has been an essential tool for clinical diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and biomedical research. Human serum refers to the supernatant fluid extracted from whole blood samples by coagulation and subsequent removal of blood cells by centrifugation. It is composed of proteins, antibodies, electrolytes, minerals, vitamins, antigens, hormones, etc. Sometimes, human serum samples contain drugs, toxins, and pathogens. It is a highly specific and sensitive matrix for assessing an individual's health status. Uses of human serum samples In modern medical research, investigation on human serum samples is a vital resource in gaining deeper insights into human physiology and disease biology. Especially in the in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) industries, studies on human serum samples guide the development of next-generation diagnostic tests or equipment. On the other hand, in clinical practice, laboratory ... Continue reading →

Why are Patient Samples Collected? Patient samples are the biological materials derived from human individuals diagnosed with a disease. As part of the patient's care, such samples are collected from the patient's body for accurate and effective diagnosis, treatment, therapeutic monitoring, and disease screening. Patient samples commonly include human blood, serum, plasma, urine, tissues, and cerebrospinal fluid. Careful examination and laboratory testing of the patient samples allow clinicians to follow evidence-based clinical practice and to gain a clear picture of the disease's exact nature and progression. Therefore, clinical laboratory test results are a vital element of clinical decision-making and treatment in modern medical practice. Remnant patient samples are surplus to biomedical research. Therefore, biobanking patient samples with related data are widely practiced for medical research. Well preserved, richly annotated patient samples act as an ideal in-vitro ... Continue reading →

Human Specimens and Biorepositories Human specimens refer to natural materials that originate from the human body collected and stored for the purpose of diagnosis of diseases and research. It is also known as Human biospecimens, biomaterials, or biosamples. It includes human tissues, cells, organs, DNA, body fluids, teeth, hair, skin, etc., obtained ethically from patients and donors and used for R&D of novel therapeutics and diagnostics to treat and manage diseases. All human specimens are unique items and non-repeatable. Human specimens can transcribe the patient’s journey of life to the researchers. In fact, studies on human specimens from different individuals help to lead precision medicine and translational research. Furthermore, studies on a wide range of genetically diverse human biospecimens help in understanding the disease patterns and epidemiological research. Therefore, human specimens are assimilated and stored at specialized establishments called human ... Continue reading →

  What are human specimens? Human specimens refer to natural substances, including body fluids that originate from the human body. They are commonly known as human biospecimens, biomaterials, biosamples, and biological materials. Human specimens are usually collected from the patients or donors for disease diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, and research. It comprises but is not limited to human serum, plasma, whole blood, cerebrospinal fluids, semen, nasal secretions, urine, tissues, organs, feces, etc., collected in sterile conditions using an aseptic technique to prevent the risk of sample contamination and risk of infection to the donors. Nowadays, remnant human specimens after diagnosis are archived in numerous biobanks for research purposes. In short, human specimens connect people to science. To learn about the importance of human specimens in research, read our latest blogs: https://centralbiohub.de/blogs/human-specimens   Begin with Central BioHub. Get easy access to ... Continue reading →

            Human Specimens and Biorepositories Human specimens refer to natural materials that originate from the human body collected and stored for the purpose of diagnosis of diseases and research. It is also known as Human biospecimens, biomaterials, or biosamples. It includes human tissues, cells, organs, DNA, body fluids, teeth, hair, skin, etc., obtained ethically from patients and donors and used for R&D of novel therapeutics and diagnostics to treat and manage diseases. All human specimens are unique items and non-repeatable. Human specimens can transcribe the patient’s journey of life to the researchers. In fact, studies on human specimens from different individuals help to lead precision medicine and translational research. Furthermore, studies on a wide range of genetically diverse human biospecimens help in understanding the disease patterns and epidemiological research. Therefore, human specimens are ... Continue reading →

What is clinical research? Clinical research refers to studies involving humans, health information, and human samples conducted to discover newer drugs and diagnostics to manage human diseases. Studies on human biospecimens act as the fundamental for any clinical studies. It helps the researchers to gain deeper insights into the health condition of the study subjects, disease nature, and pathogenesis. Also, in the clinical trial, human samples help to scrutinize the action and effectiveness of the investigational drug or device on humans.   Human biorepository and contemporary clinical research For decades, biorepositories have played a vital role in clinical research. A Biorepository, also known as a biobank, is a dedicated establishment involved in collecting, processing, storing, and distributing human biospecimens for research. In clinical research, it helps achieve human specimens isolated from the human trial subjects during and after the close-out visit of the clinical ... Continue reading →

What are COVID-19 Biospecimens? Since 2019 the COVID-19 outbreak has caused millions of fatalities and premature mortalities across the globe. Therefore, assessing the spread and severity of the disease outbreak, COVID-19 was declared a public health emergency of international concern on 30 January 2020. Scientists worldwide strive for active research by utilizing COVID-19 biospecimens to develop newer therapeutics and diagnostics to put an end to the global pandemic. COVID-19 biospecimens are the human samples collected from individuals suspected or infected with COVID-19. Human biospecimens of COVID-19 comprise samples of serum, plasma, whole blood, oropharyngeal, and nasopharyngeal secretion collected during the disease screening process. The specimens are the residual samples after diagnostic reporting collected, processed, and stored in sophisticated biobanks functional across the globe. In short, COVID-19 biospecimens act as in-vitro Coronavirus models for research. Read our ... Continue reading →